Chemotypes الأنماط الكيميائية للزيوت الطيارة لبعض النباتات العطرية الجزائرية دراسة مقارنة

Abstract

In order to trace and know the chemotypes of the volatile oils of some Algerian medicinal and aromatic plants, this work was conducted, which aims to review the results of previous studies and research on some plants, Thymus algeriensis, Rosmarinus Officinalis, Ajuga iva, Artemisia herba￾alba, and compare them with the chemotypes of essential oils, for these plants growths outside Algeria. First, some of the results of the chemical type were exposed to each of the essential oil of the studied plants were exposed. The essential oil samples were analyzed by gas phase chromatography (GC), which made it possible to identify the compounds it contains and the percentage of each chemical compound in it. This analysis is followed by another analysis by gas chromatography provided. By mass spectrometry (GC/MS), which works to know the nature of each chemical compound, and to collect results from different sources, whether plants are growing in Algeria or abroad. Results show that: The chemical composition and the chemotypes of the essential oil of the Algerian Thyme plant belong to the following chemotypes: thymol, camphor, linalool, carvacrol, α-terpinyl acetate , α-Pinene, Limonène, where thymol was the dominant chemotype, while the results of the chemotypes of Algerian thyme outside the homeland gave similar chemotypes such as thymol (Libya), carvacrol (Morocco), and camphor (Tunisia). As for the chemotype of the plant Rosemary: limonene, camphor, borneol, camphene α-pinene, eucalyptol, α-Pinene (Iran), cineol- 1,8 (Tunisia), p-cymene (Turkey). For the Ivet musk plant, we found the local chemotypes: p￾cymene, dienestrol and outside Carvacrol (Morocco), Thymol (Tunisia), octadecane and methyl chavicol, carvacrol (Libya), Sabinene (Egypt). Finally, the artemisia growing in Algeria found the local chemotypes: thujone, camphor, 1,8-cineole, chrysanthenone, α-thujone, davanone, and in the countries (Tunisia) α-thujone, α and β-thujone ( Egypt), Camphor (Spain), Thujane (Morocco). Secondly, these results were compared and showed a great variation in the amount and variety of the essential oils' chemical content and the chemotypes. This species showed different chemotypes and polymorphisms of essential oils which indicates that the chemical composition of this oil is susceptible to many geographical, environmental, morphological and genetic parameters.