دراسة تأثير الاجهاد الملحي على خصائص انبات بعض أصناف القمح الصلب الزراعة محليا

Abstract

In order to select the most salt-tolerant *Triticum durum Desf* (durum wheat) varieties cultivated in the regions of Oued Souf and Oued Righ, we conducted a study aimed at evaluating the impact of different salinity levels using NaCl solutions of varying concentrations on ten locally cultivated durum wheat varieties: (El-Hadba, Bellioni, Boukhlouf, El-Kahla, Vitron, Oued El-Bared, Simeto, Fertas, G4, and Fritissy) during the germination stage. The study involved measuring several key indicators, including: germination rate, germination speed, seedling vigor indices (SVI I and SVI II), radicle and coleoptile lengths, dry weight of seeds and seedlings, moisture content, as well as the mineral and organic content of seed and seedling residues. Statistical analysis was performed, and the varieties were ranked according to their average performance in each indicator. The results showed that the local durum wheat varieties exhibit varying responses and levels of salt tolerance, maintaining their vital functions to different extents. However, salinity had a generally negative impact on most of the studied parameters, with reductions observed in the majority of physiological and morphological indicators across all varieties, especially at high salinity concentrations. Overall, the Bellioni variety performed best, maintaining high germination rates and showing superior performance in terms of length, weight, and seedling vigor indices, indicating high salt tolerance. The Fertas, Simeto, and G4 varieties also showed balanced performance across most parameters. In contrast, the Boukhlouf variety was the least tolerant, displaying low values in most indicators, particularly dry weight, germination rate, and vigor indices. At the physiological level, salt stress led to a noticeable decrease in moisture content and organic matter in seeds and seedlings, along with an increase in mineral content in the affected seeds