تاثير الاحتباس الحراري على ديناميكية وباء اللشمانيا

Abstract

Environmental issues of great concern, particularly global warming, occupy a central position in studies of economics, health and well-being due to their profound implications for human life. Among the diseases influenced by environmental changes is leishmaniasis, a group of parasitic diseases caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania. Its clinical manifestations range from self-healing cutaneous lesions to severe and potentially fatal visceral forms. Originally a zoonotic disease. leishmaniasis is strongly affected by temperature, which plays a decisive role in its presence and transmission dynamics. This study aims to evaluate the impact of global warming on the dynamics of leishmaniasis by reviewing and analyzing previous studies. The majority of the reviewed research indicates that rising temperatures affect both the vector and the host, leading to an expansion of the disease’s geographical range as suitable environments for reservoirs and vectors increase. Conversely, a limited number of studies suggest that global warming may suppress or reduce the spread of leishmaniasis in certain regions. This highlights the need for further research and special attention, along with the adoption of preventive measures and possible solutions to mitigate future health risks.