Valorisation Des Déchets De Coquilles D'œufs Dans La Conservation De L'écosystéme

Abstract

The valorization of organic waste and natural biomass has emerged as a promising approach for the development of sustainable and environmentally friendly agriculture. In this context, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different formulations based on eggshell powder, spirulina (Spirulina platensis), and tannic acid on the germination capacity and early growth of durum wheat (Triticum durum). Eggshells were processed into a fine powder after washing and grinding, while commercial spirulina powder and tannic acid were used to prepare seventeen experimental treatments applied to durum wheat seeds. Germination tests were carried out in Petri dishes under controlled conditions for ten days. Germination percentage as well as seedling growth parameters were evaluated, and the obtained data were analyzed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the treatments significantly influenced seed germination and seedling growth. The best results were obtained with treatments T6 and T7, which exhibited a maximum germination rate of 82.67% along with considerable seedling growth. These formulations were characterized by low concentrations of spirulina combined with moderate to high amounts of eggshell powder and low concentrations of tannic acid. In contrast, high spirulina concentrations caused a marked reduction in germination capacity. Statistical analysis revealed an excellent fit of the quadratic model with a high determination coefficient (R² = 0.9905), confirming the reliability of the predictions. Significant interactions among the studied factors highlighted the importance of maintaining an optimal balance between the applied concentrations. The obtained findings demonstrate the potential of natural bio-inputs derived from biodegradable waste and algal biomass as eco-friendly alternatives to conventional fertilizers. This approach contributes to organic waste valorization and to the development of sustainable agricultural strategies capable of improving seed germination and early growth of cereal crops.