-دور بيئة الأعمال المقاولاتية في تطوير الشركات الناشئة - حالة الجزائر

Abstract

الملخص:

تهدفﻫذه الأطروﺣﺔ إﻟﻰﺗﺣﻟﻳل وﺗﻘﻳﻳمﺑﻳﺋﺔ الأﻋﻣﺎل اﻟﻣﻘﺎولاﺗﻳﺔﻓﻲ اﻟﺟزاﺋر ودورﻫﺎﻓﻲﺗطوﻳر اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت اﻟﻧﺎﺷﺋﺔ، وذﻟكﻓﻲﺳﻳﺎق اﻟﺳﻌﻲﻧﺣوﺗﻧوﻳﻊ الاﻗﺗﺻﺎد وﺗﻘﻟﻳل الاﻋﺗﻣﺎدﻋﻟﻰﻗطﺎع اﻟﻣﺣروﻗﺎت. اﻋﺗﻣدت اﻟدراﺳﺔﻣﻧﮭﺟﺎﻣﺧﺗﻟ ط ﺎMixed) (Methodsﻳﺟﻣﻊﺑﻳن اﻟﻣﻧﻬﺞ اﻟوﺻﻔﻲ اﻟﺗﺣﻟﻳﻟﻲ واﻟﻣﻧﻬﺞ الاﺳﺗﻘراﺋﻲ،ﻣنﺧلالﺑﻧﺎء إطﺎرﻧظريﻣﺗﻛﺎﻣل وﻣراﺟﻌﺔ الأدﺑﻳﺎت ذات اﻟﺻﻟﺔ. أﻣﺎ اﻟﺟﺎﻧب اﻟﺗطﺑﻳﻘﻲﻓﺗﻛ ون ﻣنﺟزأﻳنﻣﺗﻛﺎﻣﻟﻳن: الأولﺗﻣﺛلﻓﻲﺗﺣﻟﻳلﺑﻳﺋﺔ الأﻋﻣﺎل اﻟﻣﻘﺎولاﺗﻳﺔﻓﻲ اﻟﺟزاﺋرﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧدامﻣؤﺷرات دوﻟﻳﺔﻣﻌﺗﻣدة؛ واﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ دراﺳﺔﻣﻳداﻧﻳﺔﻟﻌﻳﻧﺔﻣﻛ وﻧﺔﻣن 50 ﻣؤﺳﺳﺔﻧﺎﺷﺋﺔﺟزاﺋرﻳﺔ،ﺗمﺟﻣﻊﺑﻳﺎﻧﺎﺗﻬﺎﺑواﺳطﺔ اﺳﺗﺑﻳﺎﻧﺎت وﻣﻘﺎﺑلاتﻣﻌﻣﻘﺔ. وﻗدﺗم إﺟراءﺟﻣﻳﻊ اﻟﺗﺣﻟﻳلات الإﺣﺻﺎﺋﻳﺔﺑﺎﺳﺗﺧدامﻟﻐﺔ اﻟﺑرﻣﺟﺔPython وﻣﻛﺗﺑﺎﺗﻬﺎ اﻟﻣﺗﺧﺻﺻﺔﻣﺛلPandas و NumPy و SciPyو MatplotlibوSeaborn، ﻣﻣﺎﺳﻣﺢﺑﺗﺣﻟﻳل دﻗﻳﻖﻟﻟﻌلاﻗﺎت واﺧﺗﺑﺎر اﻟﻔرﺿﻳﺎت. أظﻬرت اﻟﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ وﺟودﺗﺄﺛﻳر إﻳﺟﺎﺑﻲﻟﺟودة اﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔ اﻟﻣﻘﺎولاﺗﻳﺔﻋﻟﻰ أداء اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت اﻟﻧﺎﺷﺋﺔ، إلا أن ﻫذا اﻟﺗﺄﺛﻳرﻳﺑﻘﻰﻣﺣدو دا ﺑﺳﺑبﺗﺣدﻳﺎت اﻟﺑﻳروﻗراطﻳﺔ، وﺿﻌف اﻟﺑﻧﻳﺔ اﻟﺗﺣﺗﻳﺔ، وﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ رﻳﺎدة الأﻋﻣﺎلﻏﻳر اﻟﻧﺎﺿﺟﺔ. وﻗدﻗدﻣت اﻟدراﺳﺔﻧﻣوذﺟﺎﺗﺣﻟﻳﻟﻳﺎﻣﺗﻛﺎﻣ لا واﻗﺗراﺣﺎتﻋﻣﻟﻳﺔﻟﺗطوﻳرﻫذه اﻟﺑﻳﺋﺔﻋﻟﻰ اﻟﻣﺳﺗوﻳﺎت اﻟﺗﻧظﻳﻣﻳﺔ، اﻟﺗﻣوﻳﻟﻳﺔ، اﻟﺗﻌﻟﻳﻣﻳﺔ، واﻟﺛﻘﺎﻓﻳﺔ. وﺗﺧﻟص الأطروﺣﺔ إﻟﻰ أن اﻟﺟزاﺋرﺗﻣﺗﻟك الأﺳس اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎﺗﻳﺔ واﻟﺑﺷرﻳﺔ اﻟلازﻣﺔﻟﺑﻧﺎءﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ رﻳﺎدﻳﺔﻓﻌﺎﻟﺔ،ﺑﺷرطﺗﻧﺳﻳﻖ اﻟﺟﻬود وﺗﻔﻌﻳل اﻟﺳﻳﺎﺳﺎتﺑﺷﻛلﻣﺳﺗدام.

Abstract:

This dissertation aims to analyze and assess the entrepreneurial business environment in Algeria and its role in the development of startups, within the broader context of economic diversification and reduced reliance on hydrocarbons. The study adopted a mixed-methods approach, combining descriptive and inductive methodologies, supported by a comprehensive theoretical framework and extensive literature review. The empirical work consisted of two integrated parts: First, an analytical assessment of Algeria’s entrepreneurial ecosystem using internationally recognized indicators; Second, a field study involving 50 Algerian startups through structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews. All statistical analyses were conducted using Python programming language, employing specialized libraries such as Pandas, NumPy, SciPy, Matplotlib, and Seaborn to perform accurate data analysis and hypothesis testing. Findings reveal a positive relationship between the quality of the entrepreneurial ecosystem and startup performance, though the impact remains constrained by bureaucratic obstacles, infrastructural limitations, and an underdeveloped entrepreneurial culture. The study proposes an integrated analytical model and offers actionable recommendations addressing regulatory, financial, educational, and cultural dimensions. It concludes that Algeria possesses the institutional and human capacity to build an effective entrepreneurial ecosystem, provided efforts are well-coordinated and sustained.